• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:NL192968B
    申请号:NL9320047
    申请日:1993-10-26
    公开日:1998-03-02
    发明作者:Jorgen Ostergaard
    申请人:Samka Vejle As；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    1 192968
    Device for harvesting and depositing potatoes, in particular of seed potatoes
    The invention relates to a device for harvesting and depositing potatoes, in particular seed potatoes and similar tuberous or bulbous plants, comprising at least one harvesting shears and at least one, calculated in the intended driving direction of the device at the rear the endless share drive chain conveyor.
    "Seed potatoes" means potatoes which must be released in the coming season.
    Such a device is known from GB-A-15972 A.D. 1900.
    The potato tops are normally affected by green flies when these potatoes are fully grown, usually at the end of July. These green flies are harmful for several reasons. For example, they transmit unwanted fungi and viruses, such as the leaf roll virus and the virus YO, Yn, X, S and M to the potato plant and therefore also to the seed potatoes.
    As is known, this problem is solved by spraying with chemicals, including with
    Regione ©, manufactured by 101 with diquat-dibromide with sodium chlorate as the active agent or with Basta ® manufactured by Hoechst with glufosinate-ammonium as the active agent. These crop sprayers wither the foliage of the plants, so that the green flies and associated harmful micro-organisms are no longer able to attack the plant. Among the mechanisms of action of the spraying agents must be mentioned the production of hydrogen peroxide under the influence of sunlight, which hydrogen peroxide kills the plants.
    The Regione ® spray is currently being studied further in connection with a possible ban on its use. The Basta ® spray is the most suitable alternative. Spraying with this, however, has the drawback that when spraying on the stem, no leaves may be present, since otherwise the spraying agent is introduced into the tubers, so that the ability to germinate in the following year is prevented. The foliage must therefore have lost all leaves beforehand, which is not yet the case when spraying is normally necessary.
    Spraying is also detrimental for many other reasons. First of all, the environment is adversely affected by the spraying agents and, moreover, many precautions must be taken during spraying. 30 must take into account, among other things, the wind force and direction, the sun and the rain. It would be good to be independent of this. When the foliage of the potato plant has withered by chemicals, the stem will not soften and the potatoes cannot be easily separated from the foliage. When digging up the potatoes later, problems arise due to both of the above factors. Moreover, there is a chance that new leaves are formed on the stem after spraying, if the withering has taken place too early, that is, before the potatoes are fully developed. The same problems occur when withering occurs after a drought period. Finally, weed problems occur after spraying as regards weeds, which grow rapidly to form crusts which severely interfere with subsequent grubbing. In order to counteract the shortage of softness of the foliage after spraying, two or three rounds of spraying must be used, but this does not at all reduce the bad impact on the environment.
    In the device known from the above GB-A-15972 A.D. 1900, the deposited potatoes, which are then cleared of all weeds and so forth, are immediately taken up again. Then, however, a problem arises with regard to the ripening of the potatoes. The skin of the potatoes is then still too soft, so that damage occurs to the potatoes when they are absorbed.
    In general it can be said that when the plant is still alive the skin of the potatoes is very soft and it is easily broken. When the foliage has withered, the skin will develop or ripen, so it will become harder and stiffer in order to protect the potato from various harmful external influences. However, the skin ripes best in the ground. After spraying, the potatoes remain in the soil 50 for 8-10 days before they are dug up after the above-described withering of the foliage, in order to guarantee the desired development of the skin.
    Another problem, however, is associated with leaving the potatoes in the ground, in the ground there is a parasite, the violet root rat or black crust, which fungus causes undesired tissue hardening on the tubers when they no longer grow. The potatoes can turn completely black as a result of this tissue hardening. The potatoes must therefore be harvested shortly after withering. The object of the invention is to solve the large number of problems described above in the harvesting of seed potatoes, or to reduce them considerably.
    According to the invention, this object is achieved by providing a device, which device also comprises a covering tool arranged behind the chain conveyor, calculated in the direction of travel.
    Using a device so constructed, potatoes are covered again after grubbing or laying open, i.e. they are grubbed in the same operation and immediately put back under the ground using the same device.
    5 In addition, virus infestations transmitted by green flies are prevented quickly and easily, without taking into account the wind and other weather conditions and without using crop spraying agents, while the potatoes are immediately returned to the ground to achieve the desired maturation of the skin to take place. In addition, weeds are separated and the seeds thereof are covered so as to prevent the growth of weed scabs by the time the potatoes are harvested.
    Furthermore, it has surprisingly been found that the tendency to attack by black crust is considerably reduced by using the device according to the invention, compared to the withering process. An essential difference between the two methods lies in the fact that when the potatoes are dug up and covered again, they are cleared of the foliage, as well as of the underground parts such as roots, more quickly and completely. This fact could influence this although the exact reason is not known so far. Tests have shown that black crust attack is reduced by at least 80% through grubbing and subsequent coverage. These tests were performed partly on a normal field and partly on an artificially contaminated field.
    In fact, the person skilled in the art was already aware that digging up potatoes would prevent them from being affected by green flies infected with micro-organisms. However, this method has not been used hitherto since seed potatoes have not yet matured enough to be harvested at that time because the skin is still too soft, as described above. Potatoes could possibly remain on the ground, but then they will be exposed to sunlight and rain with the chance that they will turn green and rot. In addition, ripening of the skin is best done in the ground, so this alternative method must be rejected. As a last alternative, one could propose to reintroduce the potatoes. Using the known prior art, this would be cumbersome and labor-intensive because one would have to drive at least twice over the field, first with a grubbing device and then with a back-forming plow or the like, with in addition the risk that the potatoes will not sufficiently covered. Worse, this method does not work at all as the 30 potatoes soften when covered after they have been on the ground for several hours, during which time, for example, all potatoes have been harvested in a given field.
    It is noted that it is known from SU-C-1,102,519 to dig up beet beets and then to dump them into a trench dug using another device in order to store the beets therein during the winter.
    In a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention the device further comprises a slit-forming ploughshare, which, viewed in top view, is arranged under the chain conveyor, and which, calculated in a direction perpendicular to the direction of travel, is narrower than the width of the device wherein a guide unit, which is guided in the direction of travel, is arranged at the back of the chain conveyor and which guides the slit. During the forward movement of the device, this plowshare makes a narrow slot, in which the potatoes are then placed by means of the guide unit. Thereby, the subsequent covering of the potatoes is optimized and facilitated, whereby complete covering with soil is very important. When the potatoes are placed outside or on the outer perimeter of the earth, they may on the one hand become green and rot due to exposure to sunlight and rain, while on the other hand they are accessible to birds and other animals, thereby spreading them with the risk of crossing of species. Covering the rest of the foliage completely is also of great importance, as otherwise it can start growing again and remain stiff and hard, i.e. not softening. If they do not soften, the stiff stems cause problems in the subsequent grubbing or lifting of the potatoes and, furthermore, the potatoes are not loosened sufficiently quickly from their connection to the plant, with the result that the chance of attack by violet root rat increases.
    The covering tool is preferably formed by two mutually arranged freely rotatable upright discs disposed at opposite angles to the direction of travel, the height and angle of which are adjustable, thereby obtaining a very suitable earth embankment, avoiding earth clods and sharp shape. This sharp shape is preferred because it allows rain to flow away from the earth wall and not to get on the potatoes, which can lead to rotting. Soil clods, which are created, for example, by the use of a conventional plowshare, are undesirable when subsequently lifting the potatoes.
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    1. Device for harvesting and depositing potatoes, in particular of seed potatoes and such tuberous or bulbous plants, comprising at least one grub shear and at least one endless one connecting to the grubber in the intended direction of travel of the device drivable chain conveyor, characterized in that the device also comprises a covering tool (9) arranged behind the chain conveyor, calculated in the direction of travel.
    [2]
    Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device further comprises a slit-forming ploughshare 55 (6), which, viewed in plan view, is arranged below the chain conveyor (4; 5) and which, calculated in a direction perpendicular to the direction of travel is narrower than the width of the device, wherein a guide unit (8) is arranged behind the chain conveyor (4; 5), counting in the direction of travel, adjoining the chain conveyor (4; 5).
    [3]
    Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the covering tool (9) consists of two mutually arranged freely rotatable upright discs placed at an angle to the direction of travel, the height and angle of which are adjustable. Hereby 1 sheet drawing
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DK130692D0|1992-10-27|
    NL192968C|2002-05-23|
    WO1994009612A1|1994-05-11|
    GB9507437D0|1995-05-31|
    GB2286514A|1995-08-23|
    NL9320047A|1996-02-01|
    DK167300B1|1993-10-11|
    GB2286514B|1996-04-03|
    DK130692A|1993-10-11|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB190015972A|1900-02-09|1901-07-13|Paul Tiedemann|Improvements in Potato Diggers.|
    DE521576C|1929-04-16|1931-03-24|Heinrich Severin|Rent covering machine with a throwing wheel|
    DE1953084A1|1969-10-22|1971-04-29|Grimme Landmaschf Franz|Potato harvester|AU6299699A|1998-10-06|2000-04-26|Herman Leon Kritzinger|Harvested produce extraction system|
    US7971588B2|2000-05-05|2011-07-05|Novartis Ag|Methods and systems for operating an aerosol generator|
    GB0605726D0|2006-03-22|2006-05-03|Weston David B|A combined soil cultivator and stone/clod separator|
    RU2569231C2|2012-10-09|2015-11-20|Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт механизации сельского хозяйства Российской академии сельского хозяйства Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук |Machine for harvesting and simultaneous planting topinambur tubers|
    GB2521674A|2013-12-31|2015-07-01|Marcus Gary Stanley|Root crop storage apparatus|
    CN103828533B|2014-03-02|2015-12-09|山东理工大学|A kind of fluid motor-driven dual force hoist cylinder formula Burdock harvesting machine|
    CN105359697A|2015-12-02|2016-03-02|青岛农业大学|Panax quinquefolius excavating and paving harvesting machine|
    RU2621571C1|2016-04-15|2017-06-06|федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Российский университет дружбы народов" |Method of obtaining potato mini-tubers|
    CN107318387A|2017-07-25|2017-11-07|中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所|A kind of method that flat stalk cyperus iria L. rhizoma scirpi bulb is collected in rice field|
    CN108450118A|2018-04-18|2018-08-28|皖西学院|A kind of water chestnut digger|
    RU189322U1|2019-03-06|2019-05-21|Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ" |Active digging up plowshares of the machine for harvesting of tubers and onions|
    法律状态:
    1996-01-02| BB| A search report has been drawn up|
    1996-02-01| A1B| A search report has been drawn up|
    1996-02-01| AK| Correction of former applications already laid open|Free format text: PAT.BUL.01/96,HEADING B,SECTION 1,PAGE 17;SHOULD BE DELETED |
    1996-07-01| BC| A request for examination has been filed|
    1998-01-05| BT| A document has been added to the application laid open to public inspection|
    1998-09-01| R1B| Notice of opposition during period of laying open|Free format text: P. ELLENS B.V. LANDBOUWTECHNIEK TE 8308 AA NAGELE. |
    1999-07-01| BV| The patent application has lapsed|
    2000-02-01| XXP| Miscellaneous|Free format text: A REQUEST FOR RESTORATION TO THE PRIOR STATE (ART. 17A OF THE PATENTS ACT) HAS BEEN FILED ON 12.10.99. |
    2000-04-03| XXA| Miscellaneous|Free format text: A REQUEST FOR RESTORATION TO THE PRIOR STATE (ART. 17A OF THE PATENTS ACT) HAS BEEN FILED ON 12.10.1999. |
    2000-08-01| XXA| Miscellaneous|Free format text: THE REQUEST FOR RESTORATION TO THE PRIOR STATE AS PROVIDED FOR IN ARTICLE 17A OF THE PATENTS ACT (SEE PUBLICATION IN HEADING E OF THE PATENT BULLETIN OF 01.04.2000/04) HAS BEEN GRANTED; THE RESTORATION OF THE PATENT HAS BEEN ENTERED IN THE PATENT REGISTER. |
    2002-10-01| NP1G| Not automatically granted patents, but text of patent specification modified with respect to the text of examined patent application|
    2003-07-01| V1| Lapsed because of non-payment of the annual fee|Effective date: 20030501 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DK130692A|DK167300B1|1992-10-27|1992-10-27|MACHINERY AND PROCEDURES FOR SEALING AND COATING POTATOES|
    DK130692|1992-10-27|
    PCT/DK1993/000340|WO1994009612A1|1992-10-27|1993-10-26|A machine and a method for clearing and covering up seed potatoes|
    DK9300340|1993-10-26|
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